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Microbes & Pathogens

Control of microbes in water systems is critical to achieving water quality and public health goals. While most microbes are not considered human pathogens, certain microbes can pose health risks or contribute undesirable tastes and odors. 

Since the early 20th century, modern drinking water treatment has made great advancements in the detection, removal, and inactivation of bacteria, viruses, and protozoa. As technologies in the drinking water space continue to progress, new challenges have arisen in the form of opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens. 

Wastewater and stormwater utilities also play an essential role in reducing the pathogen load to receiving waters used for recreation.  Additionally, more recent advancements in water reuse, especially direct potable reuse, demand more understanding of pathogen detection, removal, and inactivation in wastewater. 

For more information, contact Grace Jang (drinking water & reuse) or Lola Olabode (wastewater).

Topic Overview (PDF)
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356 Projects 8 Web Tools 14 Webcasts
Advanced Treatment
Constituents of Emerging Concern (CECs)
Opportunistic Pathogens
Treatment
Project 5033

Demonstrating the Effectiveness of Flushing for Reducing the Levels of Legionella in Service Lines and Premise Plumbing

$526,924
2024
Completed

Project Highlights

Legionella are pervasive environmental bacteria that can incidentally cause severe and sometimes fatal infections upon inhalation. Because Legionella inhabit engineered environments and proliferate in warm, stagnant premise water systems, the majority of outbreaks are associated with preventable water system maintenance...

View more details
Principal Investigator
Cynthia
Halle
Research Manager
Hyunyoung Jang, PhD

Recent Updates

Project 5218
Inactivation of Amoeba-Internalized Legionella pneumophila by...

Reporting Period: June 1 – September 1, 2024

Project Update
10/08/2024
Project 5151
Impact of UV Treatment on Microbial Communities in a Full-Scale Drinking...

Reporting Period: May 2022 – October 2024

Project Update
06/10/2024
Project 5218
Inactivation of Amoeba-Internalized Legionella pneumophila by...

Reporting Period: December 1, 2023 – March 1, 2024

Project Update
04/05/2024
Project 5100
Rapid Detection and Quantitation of Active ...

Reporting Period: March 15 – September 15, 2023

Project Update
10/30/2023
Project 5218
Inactivation of Amoeba-Internalized Legionella pneumophila by...

Reporting Period: June 1, 2023 – September 1, 2023

Project Update
09/06/2023
Project 5151
Impact of UV Treatment on Microbial Communities in a Full-Scale Drinking...

Reporting Period: November 2022 - April 2023

Project Update
05/26/2023
Project 5151
Impact of UV treatment on Microbial Communities in a Full-scale Drinking...

Reporting Period: May 2022 - October 2022

Project Update
02/09/2023
Project 5257
Advancing Nature-Based Solutions by Assessing Long-Term Performance of...

Reporting Period: August 2024 – February 2025

Project Update
04/04/2025
Project 5169
Evaluating Innovative and Sustainable Treatment ...

Reporting Period: July 1 – October 1, 2024

Project Update
10/08/2024
Project 5211
Understanding the Value Proposition for Thermal Processes to Mitigate...

Reporting Period: January 15, 2024 – July 15, 2024

Project Update
09/04/2024

Resources

Subscriber

Evaluation of Membrane Technologies for Removal of Atrazine and Other SOCs

Report
90820
05/01/2003
05/01/2003
Public Plus

Study of Innovative Treatment on Reclaimed Water

Report
2-09PDF
01/01/2010
01/01/2010
Public Plus

Inactivation of Waterborne Emerging Pathogens by Selected Disinfectants

Report
90886
04/01/2003
04/01/2003
View all Microbes & Pathogens Resources

News

WRF Presents $100K Research Award to Advance Water Quality Treatment

Press Release
10/14/2024

Last week, The Water Research Foundation (WRF) presented Jeffrey McCutcheon, PhD, with the esteemed 2024 Paul L. Busch Award at WEFTEC in New Orleans, LA. With this $100,000 research prize...

The Water Research Foundation Funds 26 New Research Projects Totaling $5.9M

Press Release
05/28/2024

(Denver, CO) 05/28/24– The Water Research Foundation (WRF) is seeking volunteer participants for 26 new research projects funded through WRF's Research Priority Program. This strategic research program enables WRF to...

Interview with Cheryl Norton

Profile
By Angelina Dinsmore, The Water Research Foundation
02/02/2024

Cheryl Norton’s Lasting Journey with WRF and the Water Sector From leading a Water Research Foundation (WRF)- funded project right out of college, to becoming an integral member of the...

View all News

Related Topics

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Opportunistic Pathogens

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Advanced Treatment

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Treatment

Link

Constituents of Emerging Concern (CECs)

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